
ADHS steht für Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-Hyperaktivitätsstörung. Menschen mit ADHS sind oft unruhig, leicht ablenkbar und meistens auch impulsiv. Sowohl Kinder als auch Erwachsene können davon betroffen sein. Manche können sich schlecht konzentrieren, andere sind wiederum sehr hyperaktiv. Doch ist ADHS viel mehr als nur „zappelig sein“. ADHS kann den Alltag stark beeinflussen, sei es in der Schule, im Job oder auch in der Beziehung. Doch was sind die genauen Symptome? Wie entsteht ADHS? Und wie wird es diagnostiziert?
Typische Symptome von ADHS
Die Symptome von ADHS können unterschiedlich sein. Manche sind ständig in Bewegung, andere träumen vor sich hin. Typische Symptome sind:
Viele Menschen, die unter ADHS leiden, tun sich auch schwer, Aufgaben bis zum Ende zu erfüllen. Kinder mit ADHS können meistens nicht stillsitzen, sie müssen sich immer bewegen. Auch haben Kinder mit ADHS das Problem, dass sie ständig dazwischenreden müssen. Erwachsene haben eher Probleme mit Organisation und Zeitmanagement. ADHS kann auch emotionale Schwankungen und Stressanfälligkeit verstärken.
Mögliche Ursachen von ADHS
Warum bekommt jemand ADHS? Diese Frage stellen sich viele, die davon betroffen sind. Die genauen Ursachen sind noch nicht vollständig geklärt. Forscher vermuten eine Kombination aus genetischen Faktoren, Gehirnchemie und Umwelt. ADHS scheint vererbbar zu sein – oft gibt es Fälle in der Familie. Auch Störungen im Dopaminhaushalt spielen eine Rolle. Umweltfaktoren wie Stress in der Schwangerschaft oder Frühgeburten können das Risiko ebenfalls erhöhen. Doch eines ist klar: ADHS ist keine „Erziehungsfrage“. Es handelt sich dabei um eine neurobiologische Störung.
Wie wird ADHS diagnostiziert?
ADHS zu diagnostizieren ist nicht einfach. Es gibt keinen Tests, die man machen kann, um ADHS zu erkennen. Ärzte und Psychologen nutzen in der Regel mit Fragebögen, Gespräche und Beobachtungen. Wichtig ist, dass die Symptome seit der Kindheit bestehen und den Alltag stark beeinflussen. Bei Erwachsenen kann die Diagnose etwas schwieriger sein als zum Beispiel bei Kindern. Viele haben nämlich gelernt, ihre Probleme zu kompensieren. Oft werden auch andere mögliche Ursachen ausgeschlossen, bevor ADHS sicher festgestellt wird.
Quellen:
https://adhs-symptome.com
https://www.neurologen-und-psychiater-im-netz.org/kinder-jugendpsychiatrie-psychosomatik-und-psychotherapie/stoerungen-erkrankungen/aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-hyperaktivitaets-stoerung-adhs/ursachen/
https://www.lifeline.de/krankheiten/adhs/symptome/
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